What Influence Temperatures of Industrial Pressure Vessel

In the industrial sector, particularly concerning saturated pressure vessels, temperature variation is a critical engineering concern. Fluctuations in internal temperature are influenced by several factors, including changes in operating pressure, heat release from flue gases, and the endothermic reaction of the pressure vessel itself. These factors directly impact the thermal equilibrium and stability within the pressure vessel.

Key Influencing Factors

In the industrial realm, particularly concerning saturated pressure vessels, temperature fluctuations are a pivotal engineering concern. These fluctuations are influenced by several critical factors.

1. Temperature-Pressure Relationship

The temperature inside a pressure vessel varies with changes in operating pressure, dictated by its internal substance equation and thermodynamic properties. An increase in operating pressure leads to a corresponding rise in internal temperature, and vice versa.

2. Heat Release from Flue Gases

Heat released as flue gases pass over heating surfaces directly affects the temperature of these surfaces and the overall thermal balance of the pressure vessel. Variations in flue gas temperature, flow rate, and the ratio of gas to water can cause fluctuations in the vessel's temperature.

3. Endothermic Reaction of the Pressure Vessel

The pressure vessel itself absorbs heat when heated, a primary heat exchange process conducted through its walls into the interior. The intensity of this endothermic reaction also varies with changing operating conditions.
 

Temperature Regulation Methods

To effectively manage and regulate steam temperature within pressure vessels, several effective methods are employed in engineering practice:

1. Increased Water Flow through Desuperheaters

Increasing water flow through desuperheaters effectively lowers steam temperature, thereby regulating the operating temperature of the pressure vessel.

2. Steam Injection for Cooling

Injecting steam at appropriate points within the pressure vessel uses the heat of the steam to lower internal temperature, a common cooling technique.

3. Ash Discharge and Management of Heating Surfaces

Proper management of ash discharge in furnaces optimizes the heat absorption efficiency of heating surfaces, adjusts the air coefficient in the furnace to control flue gas temperature and flow rate, and reduces the heat load on heating surfaces.

4. Reducing Excess Capacity

Within suitable limits, reducing excess capacity of the pressure vessel helps stabilize thermal equilibrium and temperature distribution.

5. Optimization of Supply and Drainage Temperatures

Adjusting supply and drainage temperatures according to actual load changes effectively manages and minimizes increases in flue gas and water flow, thereby reducing heat absorption by heating surfaces and lowering the operating temperature of the pressure vessel.

6. Furnace Ignition Management

Moderating the use of fans and blowers, managing the form of combustion flames, and controlling flue gas flow and air coefficient effectively lower the temperature within the pressure vessel.

Effectively managing and regulating the temperature inside pressure vessels is crucial for ensuring safe equipment operation and stability. By comprehensively applying the above methods, engineers can effectively address temperature fluctuations in practical production settings, enhance equipment performance and reliability, and ensure smooth industrial operations.